.hoodTransactions in Block #8,819,310
44 transactions found
| ? | Txn Hash | Method ? | Block | Age | From | To | Amount | Txn Fee ? | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Additional Info Status: Success (511,022 Block Confirmations) Transaction Fee: — ETH Gas Info: 0 gas used from 0 limit @ 0.000000000049754 ETH (0.04 Gwei) Nonce: 0 (in the position 0) See more details → | 0xe22d0c…d49d54 | 0x6bf6a42d | 8,819,310 | 14 hrs agoMon, 13 Jul 2026 16:42:10 UTC | 0x0000…4b05 | OUT | 0x0000…4b05 | $0.000 ETH | — |
Additional Info Status: Success (511,022 Block Confirmations) Transaction Action: Transfer 0.01 ETH ($17.85) to 0xe58b30…797d6d Transaction Fee: 0.000010838262098 ETH ($0.019341) Gas Info: 217,837 gas used from 335,767 limit @ 0.000000000049754 ETH (0.04 Gwei) Nonce: 2,258 (in the position 1) See more details → | 0x0dba47…42cddb | 0x0c307f76 | 8,819,310 | 14 hrs agoMon, 13 Jul 2026 16:42:10 UTC | 0x4a09…7a8d | OUT | 0xe58b…7d6d | $17.850.01 ETH | 0.00001083 |
Additional Info Status: Fail (511,022 Block Confirmations) Transaction Fee: 0.000003424766836 ETH ($0.006112) Gas Info: 68,834 gas used from 3,000,000 limit @ 0.000000000049754 ETH (0.04 Gwei) Nonce: 406 (in the position 2) See more details → | !0xaf45f0…2a741c | 0x8328e519 | 8,819,310 | 14 hrs agoMon, 13 Jul 2026 16:42:10 UTC | 0xed31…f313 | OUT | 0xd1f3…68f2 | $0.000 ETH | 0.00000342 |
Additional Info Status: Success (511,022 Block Confirmations) Transaction Fee: 0.000005722655326 ETH ($0.010212) Gas Info: 115,019 gas used from 350,000 limit @ 0.000000000049754 ETH (0.04 Gwei) Nonce: 1,764 (in the position 3) See more details → | 0xfc7e8e…f18430 | 0x24856bc3 | 8,819,310 | 14 hrs agoMon, 13 Jul 2026 16:42:10 UTC | 0x6b2e…6d82 | OUT | 0x8876…0904 | $0.000 ETH | 0.00000572 |
Additional Info Status: Success (511,022 Block Confirmations) Transaction Action: Transfer 0.000007 ETH ($0.012492) to 0x2b25d2…f2c436 Transaction Fee: 0.000001044834 ETH ($0.001865) Gas Info: 21,000 gas used from 27,000 limit @ 0.000000000049754 ETH (0.04 Gwei) Nonce: 728 (in the position 4) See more details → | 0x5be53c…bbfdda | Transfer | 8,819,310 | 14 hrs agoMon, 13 Jul 2026 16:42:10 UTC | 0xc7a3…ef23 | OUT | 0x2b25…c436 | $0.010.00000 ETH | 0.00000104 |
Additional Info Status: Fail (511,022 Block Confirmations) Transaction Fee: 0.000003430588054 ETH ($0.006122) Gas Info: 68,951 gas used from 3,000,000 limit @ 0.000000000049754 ETH (0.04 Gwei) Nonce: 398 (in the position 5) See more details → | !0x67d72d…abbba6 | 0x8328e519 | 8,819,310 | 14 hrs agoMon, 13 Jul 2026 16:42:10 UTC | 0xbeb5…b167 | OUT | 0xd1f3…68f2 | $0.000 ETH | 0.00000343 |
Additional Info Status: Success (511,022 Block Confirmations) Transaction Fee: 0.000001904284596 ETH ($0.003398) Gas Info: 38,274 gas used from 765,940 limit @ 0.000000000049754 ETH (0.04 Gwei) Nonce: 6,514 (in the position 6) See more details → | 0x7080c5…3a5ac0 | 0x00008501 | 8,819,310 | 14 hrs agoMon, 13 Jul 2026 16:42:10 UTC | 0x3941…4ea2 | OUT | 0x5d55…0cba | $0.000 ETH | 0.00000190 |
Additional Info Status: Success (511,022 Block Confirmations) Transaction Fee: 0.00000178417844 ETH ($0.003184) Gas Info: 35,860 gas used from 300,000 limit @ 0.000000000049754 ETH (0.04 Gwei) Nonce: 57,597 (in the position 7) See more details → | 0xd01f76…3409e4 | 0xb6621842 | 8,819,310 | 14 hrs agoMon, 13 Jul 2026 16:42:10 UTC | 0x72cd…1fff | OUT | 0x5cd7…fc2a | $0.000 ETH | 0.00000178 |
Additional Info Status: Success (511,022 Block Confirmations) Transaction Fee: 0.000003841904372 ETH ($0.006856) Gas Info: 77,218 gas used from 5,000,000 limit @ 0.000000000049754 ETH (0.04 Gwei) Nonce: 1,583 (in the position 8) See more details → | 0x37d30d…705356 | 0x00000000 | 8,819,310 | 14 hrs agoMon, 13 Jul 2026 16:42:10 UTC | 0x2ef5…0569 | OUT | 0xca42…e54b | $0.000 ETH | 0.00000384 |
Additional Info Status: Success (511,022 Block Confirmations) Transaction Fee: 0.000003583830374 ETH ($0.006396) Gas Info: 72,031 gas used from 290,000 limit @ 0.000000000049754 ETH (0.04 Gwei) Nonce: 2 (in the position 9) See more details → | 0xba4506…43c26b | 0x82947abe | 8,819,310 | 14 hrs agoMon, 13 Jul 2026 16:42:10 UTC | 0xbae7…a8e3 | OUT | 0xe68d…1934 | $0.000 ETH | 0.00000358 |
Additional Info Status: Success (511,022 Block Confirmations) Transaction Fee: 0.000003841904372 ETH ($0.006856) Gas Info: 77,218 gas used from 5,000,000 limit @ 0.000000000049754 ETH (0.04 Gwei) Nonce: 1,470 (in the position 10) See more details → | 0x0b1ec1…0b9427 | 0x00000000 | 8,819,310 | 14 hrs agoMon, 13 Jul 2026 16:42:10 UTC | 0xacb4…93b8 | OUT | 0xca42…e54b | $0.000 ETH | 0.00000384 |
Additional Info Status: Success (511,022 Block Confirmations) Transaction Fee: 0.000002218381598 ETH ($0.003959) Gas Info: 44,587 gas used from 297,747 limit @ 0.000000000049754 ETH (0.04 Gwei) Nonce: 18,168 (in the position 11) See more details → | 0xf42227…6c7b3b | 0x0000003a | 8,819,310 | 14 hrs agoMon, 13 Jul 2026 16:42:10 UTC | 0xd07f…14d1 | OUT | 0xfe57…ac96 | $0.000 ETH | 0.00000221 |
Additional Info Status: Success (511,022 Block Confirmations) Transaction Fee: 0.000002710150134 ETH ($0.004836) Gas Info: 54,471 gas used from 388,567 limit @ 0.000000000049754 ETH (0.04 Gwei) Nonce: 18,820 (in the position 12) See more details → | 0x68e925…7d8b99 | 0x0000003a | 8,819,310 | 14 hrs agoMon, 13 Jul 2026 16:42:10 UTC | 0xa8be…ffc1 | OUT | 0xfe57…ac96 | $0.000 ETH | 0.00000271 |
Additional Info Status: Success (511,022 Block Confirmations) Transaction Fee: 0.000003841904372 ETH ($0.006856) Gas Info: 77,218 gas used from 5,000,000 limit @ 0.000000000049754 ETH (0.04 Gwei) Nonce: 13,389 (in the position 13) See more details → | 0xc1094d…e5e137 | 0x00000000 | 8,819,310 | 14 hrs agoMon, 13 Jul 2026 16:42:10 UTC | 0x5959…1c7d | OUT | 0xca42…e54b | $0.000 ETH | 0.00000384 |
Additional Info Status: Success (511,022 Block Confirmations) Transaction Action: Transfer 0.001 ETH ($1.78) to 0xc70e51…feab79 Transaction Fee: 0.000362549288098 ETH ($0.646989) Gas Info: 7,286,837 gas used from 7,496,632 limit @ 0.000000000049754 ETH (0.04 Gwei) Nonce: 18 (in the position 14) See more details → | 0xb04b09…dacece | 0xf6efccd9 | 8,819,310 | 14 hrs agoMon, 13 Jul 2026 16:42:10 UTC | 0x63b7…c5a4 | OUT | 0xc70e…ab79 | $1.780.001 ETH | 0.00036254 |
Additional Info Status: Success (511,022 Block Confirmations) Transaction Fee: 0.000009106126342 ETH ($0.01625) Gas Info: 183,023 gas used from 1,000,000 limit @ 0.000000000049754 ETH (0.04 Gwei) Nonce: 340 (in the position 15) See more details → | 0x9f5515…bd8dc7 | Execute | 8,819,310 | 14 hrs agoMon, 13 Jul 2026 16:42:10 UTC | 0xf0a9…7c70 | OUT | 0x5c0e…1403 | $0.000 ETH | 0.00000910 |
Additional Info Status: Success (511,022 Block Confirmations) Transaction Fee: 0.000009837559896 ETH ($0.017556) Gas Info: 197,724 gas used from 500,084 limit @ 0.000000000049754 ETH (0.04 Gwei) Nonce: 1,918 (in the position 16) See more details → | 0x0e73c4…68c903 | 0x4d819a2a | 8,819,310 | 14 hrs agoMon, 13 Jul 2026 16:42:10 UTC | 0x48ad…1d98 | OUT | 0xe492…ce2b | $0.000 ETH | 0.00000983 |
Additional Info Status: Success (511,022 Block Confirmations) Transaction Fee: 0.000009101449466 ETH ($0.016242) Gas Info: 182,929 gas used from 500,000 limit @ 0.000000000049754 ETH (0.04 Gwei) Nonce: 74 (in the position 17) See more details → | 0xaa95c2…2a8923 | Execute | 8,819,310 | 14 hrs agoMon, 13 Jul 2026 16:42:10 UTC | 0x2b91…f51a | OUT | 0x6c99…09bd | $0.000 ETH | 0.00000910 |
Additional Info Status: Success (511,022 Block Confirmations) Transaction Fee: 0.00000178417844 ETH ($0.003184) Gas Info: 35,860 gas used from 300,000 limit @ 0.000000000049754 ETH (0.04 Gwei) Nonce: 96,319 (in the position 18) See more details → | 0xd627bb…717ac6 | 0xb6621842 | 8,819,310 | 14 hrs agoMon, 13 Jul 2026 16:42:10 UTC | 0xb910…c18e | OUT | 0x3a81…5969 | $0.000 ETH | 0.00000178 |
Additional Info Status: Success (511,022 Block Confirmations) Transaction Fee: 0.000002710150134 ETH ($0.004836) Gas Info: 54,471 gas used from 366,001 limit @ 0.000000000049754 ETH (0.04 Gwei) Nonce: 17,459 (in the position 19) See more details → | 0xd1f766…931005 | 0x0000003a | 8,819,310 | 14 hrs agoMon, 13 Jul 2026 16:42:10 UTC | 0x3a77…193a | OUT | 0xfe57…ac96 | $0.000 ETH | 0.00000271 |
Additional Info Status: Success (511,022 Block Confirmations) Transaction Fee: 0.000002309282156 ETH ($0.004121) Gas Info: 46,414 gas used from 120,000 limit @ 0.000000000049754 ETH (0.04 Gwei) Nonce: 107 (in the position 20) See more details → | 0xd251d7…0ecb58 | Approve | 8,819,310 | 14 hrs agoMon, 13 Jul 2026 16:42:10 UTC | 0xc417…0dbc | OUT | Unicorn | $0.000 ETH | 0.00000230 |
Additional Info Status: Success (511,022 Block Confirmations) Transaction Fee: 0.000009531423534 ETH ($0.017009) Gas Info: 191,571 gas used from 1,000,000 limit @ 0.000000000049754 ETH (0.04 Gwei) Nonce: 108 (in the position 21) See more details → | 0x04480e…e1eb49 | 0x4d819a2a | 8,819,310 | 14 hrs agoMon, 13 Jul 2026 16:42:10 UTC | 0xc417…0dbc | OUT | 0x6505…40dc | $0.000 ETH | 0.00000953 |
Additional Info Status: Success (511,022 Block Confirmations) Transaction Fee: 0.00000178417844 ETH ($0.003184) Gas Info: 35,860 gas used from 300,000 limit @ 0.000000000049754 ETH (0.04 Gwei) Nonce: 88,171 (in the position 22) See more details → | 0xa41e6f…09b915 | 0xb6621842 | 8,819,310 | 14 hrs agoMon, 13 Jul 2026 16:42:10 UTC | 0x6274…570f | OUT | 0x9fca…1d98 | $0.000 ETH | 0.00000178 |
Additional Info Status: Success (511,022 Block Confirmations) Transaction Fee: 0.00000164486724 ETH ($0.002935) Gas Info: 33,060 gas used from 300,000 limit @ 0.000000000049754 ETH (0.04 Gwei) Nonce: 156,645 (in the position 23) See more details → | 0x6cbd13…e4779f | 0xb6621842 | 8,819,310 | 14 hrs agoMon, 13 Jul 2026 16:42:10 UTC | 0x13c1…f428 | OUT | 0x1e62…8cbe | $0.000 ETH | 0.00000164 |
Additional Info Status: Success (511,022 Block Confirmations) Transaction Fee: 0.000017963980224 ETH ($0.032058) Gas Info: 361,056 gas used from 5,000,000 limit @ 0.000000000049754 ETH (0.04 Gwei) Nonce: 1,497 (in the position 24) See more details → | 0x3745ee…357849 | 0x3e0f9c3c | 8,819,310 | 14 hrs agoMon, 13 Jul 2026 16:42:10 UTC | 0xa176…85b0 | OUT | 0x1053…5448 | $0.000 ETH | 0.00001796 |
Additional Info Status: Success (511,022 Block Confirmations) Transaction Fee: 0.000002753038082 ETH ($0.004913) Gas Info: 55,333 gas used from 366,093 limit @ 0.000000000049754 ETH (0.04 Gwei) Nonce: 17,213 (in the position 25) See more details → | 0x8be2c6…7ee6b2 | 0x0000003a | 8,819,310 | 14 hrs agoMon, 13 Jul 2026 16:42:10 UTC | 0xf026…c1b9 | OUT | 0xfe57…ac96 | $0.000 ETH | 0.00000275 |
Additional Info Status: Success (511,022 Block Confirmations) Transaction Fee: 0.00000913309301 ETH ($0.016299) Gas Info: 183,565 gas used from 1,000,000 limit @ 0.000000000049754 ETH (0.04 Gwei) Nonce: 12,948 (in the position 26) See more details → | 0x326b8c…4425da | 0x4d819a2a | 8,819,310 | 14 hrs agoMon, 13 Jul 2026 16:42:10 UTC | 0x2e4f…a3d0 | OUT | 0x6505…40dc | $0.000 ETH | 0.00000913 |
Additional Info Status: Success (511,022 Block Confirmations) Transaction Fee: 0.000013286755946 ETH ($0.023711) Gas Info: 267,049 gas used from 390,509 limit @ 0.000000000049754 ETH (0.04 Gwei) Nonce: 3 (in the position 27) See more details → | 0x4ff6df…6526bc | 0x2213bc0b | 8,819,310 | 14 hrs agoMon, 13 Jul 2026 16:42:10 UTC | 0x1d4d…11d1 | OUT | 0x0000…2734 | $0.000 ETH | 0.00001328 |
Additional Info Status: Success (511,022 Block Confirmations) Transaction Fee: 0.000008220156864 ETH ($0.014669) Gas Info: 165,216 gas used from 500,000 limit @ 0.000000000049754 ETH (0.04 Gwei) Nonce: 72 (in the position 28) See more details → | 0x44d1c2…8a2aed | Execute | 8,819,310 | 14 hrs agoMon, 13 Jul 2026 16:42:10 UTC | 0x45b1…9122 | OUT | 0x6c99…09bd | $0.000 ETH | 0.00000822 |
Additional Info Status: Success (511,022 Block Confirmations) Transaction Fee: 0.000007766300876 ETH ($0.013859) Gas Info: 156,094 gas used from 350,000 limit @ 0.000000000049754 ETH (0.04 Gwei) Nonce: 1,068 (in the position 29) See more details → | 0x3e246b…77c1ec | 0x24856bc3 | 8,819,310 | 14 hrs agoMon, 13 Jul 2026 16:42:10 UTC | 0xfba0…c04c | OUT | 0x8876…0904 | $0.000 ETH | 0.00000776 |
Additional Info Status: Fail (511,022 Block Confirmations) Transaction Fee: 0.000003398347462 ETH ($0.006065) Gas Info: 68,303 gas used from 500,000 limit @ 0.000000000049754 ETH (0.04 Gwei) Nonce: 4,516 (in the position 30) See more details → | !0x58c68a…02175d | 0xef7ec2e7 | 8,819,310 | 14 hrs agoMon, 13 Jul 2026 16:42:10 UTC | 0x0000…4bc6 | OUT | 0x2660…eb09 | $0.000 ETH | 0.00000339 |
Additional Info Status: Success (511,022 Block Confirmations) Transaction Action: Transfer 0.000026192643573203 ETH ($0.046742) to 0x89e5db…649eba Transaction Fee: 0.000007623855174 ETH ($0.013605) Gas Info: 153,231 gas used from 700,000 limit @ 0.000000000049754 ETH (0.04 Gwei) Nonce: 78 (in the position 31) See more details → | 0xe20393…5c2f3e | 0xb6f9de95 | 8,819,310 | 14 hrs agoMon, 13 Jul 2026 16:42:10 UTC | 0xa48d…a3fb | OUT | 0x89e5…9eba | $0.050.00002 ETH | 0.00000762 |
Additional Info Status: Success (511,022 Block Confirmations) Transaction Fee: 0.000003841904372 ETH ($0.006856) Gas Info: 77,218 gas used from 5,000,000 limit @ 0.000000000049754 ETH (0.04 Gwei) Nonce: 4,503 (in the position 32) See more details → | 0xc8c621…cb2f70 | 0x00000000 | 8,819,310 | 14 hrs agoMon, 13 Jul 2026 16:42:10 UTC | 0xfea8…4a60 | OUT | 0xca42…e54b | $0.000 ETH | 0.00000384 |
Additional Info Status: Success (511,022 Block Confirmations) Transaction Action: Transfer 0.05 ETH ($89.23) to 0xe49291…d7ce2b Transaction Fee: 0.000010147676578 ETH ($0.018109) Gas Info: 203,957 gas used from 465,182 limit @ 0.000000000049754 ETH (0.04 Gwei) Nonce: 240 (in the position 33) See more details → | 0xf9af68…fbc029 | 0x4d819a2a | 8,819,310 | 14 hrs agoMon, 13 Jul 2026 16:42:10 UTC | 0x7409…2c85 | OUT | 0xe492…ce2b | $89.230.05 ETH | 0.00001014 |
Additional Info Status: Success (511,022 Block Confirmations) Transaction Fee: 0.00002335975177 ETH ($0.041687) Gas Info: 469,505 gas used from 6,878,482 limit @ 0.000000000049754 ETH (0.04 Gwei) Nonce: 6,228 (in the position 34) See more details → | 0x8df031…ef7335 | 0x765e827f | 8,819,310 | 14 hrs agoMon, 13 Jul 2026 16:42:10 UTC | 0x4337…9269 | OUT | 0x4337…f108 | $0.000 ETH | 0.00002335 |
Additional Info Status: Success (511,022 Block Confirmations) Transaction Action: Transfer 0.05 ETH ($89.23) to 0xe49291…d7ce2b Transaction Fee: 0.000010451424748 ETH ($0.018651) Gas Info: 210,062 gas used from 523,836 limit @ 0.000000000049754 ETH (0.04 Gwei) Nonce: 231 (in the position 35) See more details → | 0xa325bb…b6b3a7 | 0x4d819a2a | 8,819,310 | 14 hrs agoMon, 13 Jul 2026 16:42:10 UTC | 0x11a1…8888 | OUT | 0xe492…ce2b | $89.230.05 ETH | 0.00001045 |
Additional Info Status: Success (511,022 Block Confirmations) Transaction Action: Transfer 0.02 ETH ($35.69) to 0x105358…f85448 Transaction Fee: 0.000008245133372 ETH ($0.014714) Gas Info: 165,718 gas used from 5,000,000 limit @ 0.000000000049754 ETH (0.04 Gwei) Nonce: 1,406 (in the position 36) See more details → | 0x5dd894…25620f | 0x3e0f9c3c | 8,819,310 | 14 hrs agoMon, 13 Jul 2026 16:42:10 UTC | 0xe57f…3d8e | OUT | 0x1053…5448 | $35.690.02 ETH | 0.00000824 |
Additional Info Status: Success (511,022 Block Confirmations) Transaction Fee: 0.000002302565366 ETH ($0.004109) Gas Info: 46,279 gas used from 46,662 limit @ 0.000000000049754 ETH (0.04 Gwei) Nonce: 22 (in the position 37) See more details → | 0xe5a84c…65957e | Approve | 8,819,310 | 14 hrs agoMon, 13 Jul 2026 16:42:10 UTC | 0xc3d7…9cf9 | OUT | WOB | $0.000 ETH | 0.00000230 |
Additional Info Status: Success (511,022 Block Confirmations) Transaction Fee: 0.000007314634064 ETH ($0.013053) Gas Info: 147,016 gas used from 400,000 limit @ 0.000000000049754 ETH (0.04 Gwei) Nonce: 1,828 (in the position 38) See more details → | 0x2e60ab…d0d5c8 | 0x5ae401dc | 8,819,310 | 14 hrs agoMon, 13 Jul 2026 16:42:10 UTC | 0x93eb…8c21 | OUT | 0xcaf6…5cb2 | $0.000 ETH | 0.00000731 |
Additional Info Status: Success (511,022 Block Confirmations) Transaction Fee: 0.000008404495434 ETH ($0.014998) Gas Info: 168,921 gas used from 1,000,000 limit @ 0.000000000049754 ETH (0.04 Gwei) Nonce: 398 (in the position 39) See more details → | 0x66ea78…6c9d77 | Execute | 8,819,310 | 14 hrs agoMon, 13 Jul 2026 16:42:10 UTC | 0x36cd…1431 | OUT | 0x7572…774f | $0.000 ETH | 0.00000840 |
Additional Info Status: Success (511,022 Block Confirmations) Transaction Fee: 0.00000546672075 ETH ($0.009756) Gas Info: 109,875 gas used from 379,379 limit @ 0.000000000049754 ETH (0.04 Gwei) Nonce: 6,248 (in the position 40) See more details → | 0x47c78c…07e530 | 0x00000000 | 8,819,310 | 14 hrs agoMon, 13 Jul 2026 16:42:10 UTC | 0x04de…4137 | OUT | 0x0000…fa3a | $0.000 ETH | 0.00000546 |
Additional Info Status: Success (511,022 Block Confirmations) Transaction Fee: 0.000020394612386 ETH ($0.036395) Gas Info: 409,909 gas used from 1,030,700 limit @ 0.000000000049754 ETH (0.04 Gwei) Nonce: 63,768 (in the position 41) See more details → | 0x1e3106…9e4299 | 0x0a2b8f36 | 8,819,310 | 14 hrs agoMon, 13 Jul 2026 16:42:10 UTC | 0xada5…f7cb | OUT | 0xccc8…15be | $0.000 ETH | 0.00002039 |
Additional Info Status: Success (511,022 Block Confirmations) Transaction Fee: 0.000002309282156 ETH ($0.004121) Gas Info: 46,414 gas used from 96,969 limit @ 0.000000000049754 ETH (0.04 Gwei) Nonce: 2,478 (in the position 42) See more details → | 0xb8c675…6afed4 | Approve | 8,819,310 | 14 hrs agoMon, 13 Jul 2026 16:42:10 UTC | 0x9a19…4bd1 | OUT | Uniswap Dog | $0.000 ETH | 0.00000230 |
Additional Info Status: Success (511,022 Block Confirmations) Transaction Fee: 0.000007989895352 ETH ($0.014258) Gas Info: 160,588 gas used from 216,812 limit @ 0.000000000049754 ETH (0.04 Gwei) Nonce: 130 (in the position 43) See more details → | 0xfcaa27…4b3c56 | 0x99e1d016 | 8,819,310 | 14 hrs agoMon, 13 Jul 2026 16:42:10 UTC | 0xded5…12da | OUT | 0xded5…12da | $0.000 ETH | 0.00000798 |
A transaction is a cryptographically signed instruction that changes the blockchain state. Block explorers track the details of all transactions in the network.