.hoodTransactions in Block #6,425,433
39 transactions found
| ? | Txn Hash | Method ? | Block | Age | From | To | Amount | Txn Fee ? | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Additional Info Status: Success (3,269,057 Block Confirmations) Transaction Fee: — ETH Gas Info: 0 gas used from 0 limit @ 0.000000000049392 ETH (0.04 Gwei) Nonce: 0 (in the position 0) See more details → | 0x4b5579…892ae6 | 0x6bf6a42d | 6,425,433 | 3 days agoFri, 10 Jul 2026 22:05:07 UTC | 0x0000…4b05 | OUT | 0x0000…4b05 | $0.000 ETH | — |
Additional Info Status: Fail (3,269,057 Block Confirmations) Transaction Action: Transfer 0.0279 ETH ($52.16) to 0x44b248…7548c0 Transaction Fee: 0.00000845516952 ETH ($0.015808) Gas Info: 171,185 gas used from 500,000 limit @ 0.000000000049392 ETH (0.04 Gwei) Nonce: 211,656 (in the position 1) See more details → | !0x6dc8b4…63f19f | 0xcce7ec13 | 6,425,433 | 3 days agoFri, 10 Jul 2026 22:05:07 UTC | 0x38e5…7818 | OUT | 0x44b2…48c0 | $52.160.0279 ETH | 0.00000845 |
Additional Info Status: Fail (3,269,057 Block Confirmations) Transaction Action: Transfer 0.0271337 ETH ($50.73) to 0x44b248…7548c0 Transaction Fee: 0.00000845516952 ETH ($0.015808) Gas Info: 171,185 gas used from 850,000 limit @ 0.000000000049392 ETH (0.04 Gwei) Nonce: 277,660 (in the position 2) See more details → | !0x05a6b4…68f5c8 | 0xcce7ec13 | 6,425,433 | 3 days agoFri, 10 Jul 2026 22:05:07 UTC | 0x9031…edab | OUT | 0x44b2…48c0 | $50.730.02713 ETH | 0.00000845 |
Additional Info Status: Fail (3,269,057 Block Confirmations) Transaction Action: Transfer 0.0279 ETH ($52.16) to 0x44b248…7548c0 Transaction Fee: 0.00000845516952 ETH ($0.015808) Gas Info: 171,185 gas used from 500,000 limit @ 0.000000000049392 ETH (0.04 Gwei) Nonce: 91,360 (in the position 3) See more details → | !0xf119a0…9a37a0 | 0xcce7ec13 | 6,425,433 | 3 days agoFri, 10 Jul 2026 22:05:07 UTC | 0x5854…754d | OUT | 0x44b2…48c0 | $52.160.0279 ETH | 0.00000845 |
Additional Info Status: Fail (3,269,057 Block Confirmations) Transaction Action: Transfer 0.04 ETH ($74.79) to 0xcaf681…9e5cb2 Transaction Fee: 0.00000385603344 ETH ($0.007209) Gas Info: 78,070 gas used from 900,000 limit @ 0.000000000049392 ETH (0.04 Gwei) Nonce: 398,509 (in the position 4) See more details → | !0x0fd12f…15b5ce | 0x5ae401dc | 6,425,433 | 3 days agoFri, 10 Jul 2026 22:05:07 UTC | 0xddff…7ab2 | OUT | 0xcaf6…5cb2 | $74.790.04 ETH | 0.00000385 |
Additional Info Status: Fail (3,269,057 Block Confirmations) Transaction Action: Transfer 0.0271337 ETH ($50.73) to 0x44b248…7548c0 Transaction Fee: 0.000008455762224 ETH ($0.015809) Gas Info: 171,197 gas used from 500,000 limit @ 0.000000000049392 ETH (0.04 Gwei) Nonce: 211,413 (in the position 5) See more details → | !0xfe2720…10d388 | 0xcce7ec13 | 6,425,433 | 3 days agoFri, 10 Jul 2026 22:05:07 UTC | 0xac70…70bc | OUT | 0x44b2…48c0 | $50.730.02713 ETH | 0.00000845 |
Additional Info Status: Fail (3,269,057 Block Confirmations) Transaction Action: Transfer 0.0279 ETH ($52.16) to 0x44b248…7548c0 Transaction Fee: 0.000008455762224 ETH ($0.015809) Gas Info: 171,197 gas used from 500,000 limit @ 0.000000000049392 ETH (0.04 Gwei) Nonce: 39,780 (in the position 6) See more details → | !0x972bdd…15435e | 0xcce7ec13 | 6,425,433 | 3 days agoFri, 10 Jul 2026 22:05:07 UTC | 0x8255…3bdd | OUT | 0x44b2…48c0 | $52.160.0279 ETH | 0.00000845 |
Additional Info Status: Fail (3,269,057 Block Confirmations) Transaction Action: Transfer 0.0279 ETH ($52.16) to 0x44b248…7548c0 Transaction Fee: 0.000008455712832 ETH ($0.015809) Gas Info: 171,196 gas used from 750,000 limit @ 0.000000000049392 ETH (0.04 Gwei) Nonce: 15,158 (in the position 7) See more details → | !0xf8aca0…5ff8aa | 0xcce7ec13 | 6,425,433 | 3 days agoFri, 10 Jul 2026 22:05:07 UTC | 0x45a9…3ef3 | OUT | 0x44b2…48c0 | $52.160.0279 ETH | 0.00000845 |
Additional Info Status: Fail (3,269,057 Block Confirmations) Transaction Action: Transfer 0.0279 ETH ($52.16) to 0x44b248…7548c0 Transaction Fee: 0.000008455762224 ETH ($0.015809) Gas Info: 171,197 gas used from 2,000,000 limit @ 0.000000000049392 ETH (0.04 Gwei) Nonce: 180,110 (in the position 8) See more details → | !0x16a4c8…8bdee7 | 0xcce7ec13 | 6,425,433 | 3 days agoFri, 10 Jul 2026 22:05:07 UTC | 0x6147…5517 | OUT | 0x44b2…48c0 | $52.160.0279 ETH | 0.00000845 |
Additional Info Status: Fail (3,269,057 Block Confirmations) Transaction Action: Transfer 0.0279 ETH ($52.16) to 0x44b248…7548c0 Transaction Fee: 0.000008455712832 ETH ($0.015809) Gas Info: 171,196 gas used from 2,000,000 limit @ 0.000000000049392 ETH (0.04 Gwei) Nonce: 180,111 (in the position 9) See more details → | !0x6d2e2d…b09919 | 0xcce7ec13 | 6,425,433 | 3 days agoFri, 10 Jul 2026 22:05:07 UTC | 0x6147…5517 | OUT | 0x44b2…48c0 | $52.160.0279 ETH | 0.00000845 |
Additional Info Status: Fail (3,269,057 Block Confirmations) Transaction Action: Transfer 0.04 ETH ($74.79) to 0xcaf681…9e5cb2 Transaction Fee: 0.000003806098128 ETH ($0.007116) Gas Info: 77,059 gas used from 900,000 limit @ 0.000000000049392 ETH (0.04 Gwei) Nonce: 87,022 (in the position 10) See more details → | !0xb74956…8976b4 | 0x5ae401dc | 6,425,433 | 3 days agoFri, 10 Jul 2026 22:05:07 UTC | 0x4d9d…ff20 | OUT | 0xcaf6…5cb2 | $74.790.04 ETH | 0.00000380 |
Additional Info Status: Fail (3,269,057 Block Confirmations) Transaction Action: Transfer 0.0271337 ETH ($50.73) to 0x44b248…7548c0 Transaction Fee: 0.00000845516952 ETH ($0.015808) Gas Info: 171,185 gas used from 850,000 limit @ 0.000000000049392 ETH (0.04 Gwei) Nonce: 277,661 (in the position 11) See more details → | !0x99cd78…1abea7 | 0xcce7ec13 | 6,425,433 | 3 days agoFri, 10 Jul 2026 22:05:07 UTC | 0x9031…edab | OUT | 0x44b2…48c0 | $50.730.02713 ETH | 0.00000845 |
Additional Info Status: Fail (3,269,057 Block Confirmations) Transaction Action: Transfer 0.04 ETH ($74.79) to 0xcaf681…9e5cb2 Transaction Fee: 0.000003806048736 ETH ($0.007116) Gas Info: 77,058 gas used from 900,000 limit @ 0.000000000049392 ETH (0.04 Gwei) Nonce: 379,861 (in the position 12) See more details → | !0x395dab…8666c4 | 0x5ae401dc | 6,425,433 | 3 days agoFri, 10 Jul 2026 22:05:07 UTC | 0x4081…7409 | OUT | 0xcaf6…5cb2 | $74.790.04 ETH | 0.00000380 |
Additional Info Status: Fail (3,269,057 Block Confirmations) Transaction Action: Transfer 0.04 ETH ($74.79) to 0xcaf681…9e5cb2 Transaction Fee: 0.000003855934656 ETH ($0.007209) Gas Info: 78,068 gas used from 900,000 limit @ 0.000000000049392 ETH (0.04 Gwei) Nonce: 379,862 (in the position 13) See more details → | !0x8dffbd…05321f | 0x5ae401dc | 6,425,433 | 3 days agoFri, 10 Jul 2026 22:05:07 UTC | 0x4081…7409 | OUT | 0xcaf6…5cb2 | $74.790.04 ETH | 0.00000385 |
Additional Info Status: Fail (3,269,057 Block Confirmations) Transaction Action: Transfer 0.0279 ETH ($52.16) to 0x44b248…7548c0 Transaction Fee: 0.00000845516952 ETH ($0.015808) Gas Info: 171,185 gas used from 500,000 limit @ 0.000000000049392 ETH (0.04 Gwei) Nonce: 211,657 (in the position 14) See more details → | !0x77e53c…bc8ea7 | 0xcce7ec13 | 6,425,433 | 3 days agoFri, 10 Jul 2026 22:05:07 UTC | 0x38e5…7818 | OUT | 0x44b2…48c0 | $52.160.0279 ETH | 0.00000845 |
Additional Info Status: Fail (3,269,057 Block Confirmations) Transaction Fee: 0.000001316938896 ETH ($0.002462) Gas Info: 26,663 gas used from 900,000 limit @ 0.000000000049392 ETH (0.04 Gwei) Nonce: 96,431 (in the position 15) See more details → | !0xbafc15…326762 | 0x6ab3d6ed | 6,425,433 | 3 days agoFri, 10 Jul 2026 22:05:07 UTC | 0x1b5d…6efb | OUT | 0x7dd9…0d00 | $0.000 ETH | 0.00000131 |
Additional Info Status: Success (3,269,057 Block Confirmations) Transaction Fee: 0.000002335846464 ETH ($0.004367) Gas Info: 47,292 gas used from 47,699 limit @ 0.000000000049392 ETH (0.04 Gwei) Nonce: 39 (in the position 16) See more details → | 0x34ef6a…0404fa | Approve | 6,425,433 | 3 days agoFri, 10 Jul 2026 22:05:07 UTC | 0x52c9…79bd | OUT | 0xad72…e3fb | $0.000 ETH | 0.00000233 |
Additional Info Status: Success (3,269,057 Block Confirmations) Transaction Action: Transfer 0.0309917192947754 ETH ($57.94) to 0x4cd036…40c7a8 Transaction Fee: 0.00000103896072 ETH ($0.001942) Gas Info: 21,035 gas used from 21,221 limit @ 0.000000000049392 ETH (0.04 Gwei) Nonce: 65 (in the position 17) See more details → | 0x90ad0b…446660 | Transfer | 6,425,433 | 3 days agoFri, 10 Jul 2026 22:05:07 UTC | 0x8e2d…4b26 | OUT | 0x4cd0…c7a8 | $57.940.03099 ETH | 0.00000103 |
Additional Info Status: Fail (3,269,057 Block Confirmations) Transaction Action: Transfer 0.0279 ETH ($52.16) to 0x44b248…7548c0 Transaction Fee: 0.000008455762224 ETH ($0.015809) Gas Info: 171,197 gas used from 500,000 limit @ 0.000000000049392 ETH (0.04 Gwei) Nonce: 39,781 (in the position 18) See more details → | !0x170dbe…96762d | 0xcce7ec13 | 6,425,433 | 3 days agoFri, 10 Jul 2026 22:05:07 UTC | 0x8255…3bdd | OUT | 0x44b2…48c0 | $52.160.0279 ETH | 0.00000845 |
Additional Info Status: Success (3,269,057 Block Confirmations) Transaction Action: Transfer 0.129180474879451872 ETH ($241.52) to 0x89e5db…649eba Transaction Fee: 0.000007036779456 ETH ($0.013156) Gas Info: 142,468 gas used from 300,000 limit @ 0.000000000049392 ETH (0.04 Gwei) Nonce: 33 (in the position 19) See more details → | 0x23b646…8c6f63 | 0xb6f9de95 | 6,425,433 | 3 days agoFri, 10 Jul 2026 22:05:07 UTC | 0x6da5…2e05 | OUT | 0x89e5…9eba | $241.520.12918 ETH | 0.00000703 |
Additional Info Status: Fail (3,269,057 Block Confirmations) Transaction Action: Transfer 0.0279 ETH ($52.16) to 0x44b248…7548c0 Transaction Fee: 0.00000845516952 ETH ($0.015808) Gas Info: 171,185 gas used from 500,000 limit @ 0.000000000049392 ETH (0.04 Gwei) Nonce: 211,658 (in the position 20) See more details → | !0x1939b7…2d10d0 | 0xcce7ec13 | 6,425,433 | 3 days agoFri, 10 Jul 2026 22:05:07 UTC | 0x38e5…7818 | OUT | 0x44b2…48c0 | $52.160.0279 ETH | 0.00000845 |
Additional Info Status: Fail (3,269,057 Block Confirmations) Transaction Action: Transfer 0.0279 ETH ($52.16) to 0x44b248…7548c0 Transaction Fee: 0.00000845516952 ETH ($0.015808) Gas Info: 171,185 gas used from 500,000 limit @ 0.000000000049392 ETH (0.04 Gwei) Nonce: 91,361 (in the position 21) See more details → | !0x45909a…8470ca | 0xcce7ec13 | 6,425,433 | 3 days agoFri, 10 Jul 2026 22:05:07 UTC | 0x5854…754d | OUT | 0x44b2…48c0 | $52.160.0279 ETH | 0.00000845 |
Additional Info Status: Success (3,269,057 Block Confirmations) Transaction Action: Transfer 0.162074646235123712 ETH ($303.02) to 0x89e5db…649eba Transaction Fee: 0.000006522361776 ETH ($0.012194) Gas Info: 132,053 gas used from 300,000 limit @ 0.000000000049392 ETH (0.04 Gwei) Nonce: 26 (in the position 22) See more details → | 0x609e84…09ab38 | 0xb6f9de95 | 6,425,433 | 3 days agoFri, 10 Jul 2026 22:05:07 UTC | 0xad18…8563 | OUT | 0x89e5…9eba | $303.020.16207 ETH | 0.00000652 |
Additional Info Status: Fail (3,269,057 Block Confirmations) Transaction Fee: 0.000001316988288 ETH ($0.002462) Gas Info: 26,664 gas used from 900,000 limit @ 0.000000000049392 ETH (0.04 Gwei) Nonce: 96,481 (in the position 23) See more details → | !0x5a9c30…b520a9 | 0x6ab3d6ed | 6,425,433 | 3 days agoFri, 10 Jul 2026 22:05:07 UTC | 0xfb4a…f241 | OUT | 0x7dd9…0d00 | $0.000 ETH | 0.00000131 |
Additional Info Status: Fail (3,269,057 Block Confirmations) Transaction Action: Transfer 0.026 ETH ($48.61) to 0xcaf681…9e5cb2 Transaction Fee: 0.000003708203184 ETH ($0.006933) Gas Info: 75,077 gas used from 500,000 limit @ 0.000000000049392 ETH (0.04 Gwei) Nonce: 4,228 (in the position 24) See more details → | !0x9341d4…33ff75 | 0x04e45aaf | 6,425,433 | 3 days agoFri, 10 Jul 2026 22:05:07 UTC | 0x9634…b9a3 | OUT | 0xcaf6…5cb2 | $48.610.026 ETH | 0.00000370 |
Additional Info Status: Fail (3,269,057 Block Confirmations) Transaction Action: Transfer 0.026 ETH ($48.61) to 0xcaf681…9e5cb2 Transaction Fee: 0.000003708450144 ETH ($0.006933) Gas Info: 75,082 gas used from 500,000 limit @ 0.000000000049392 ETH (0.04 Gwei) Nonce: 7,902 (in the position 25) See more details → | !0xc48ccc…daa71e | 0x04e45aaf | 6,425,433 | 3 days agoFri, 10 Jul 2026 22:05:07 UTC | 0x4232…378d | OUT | 0xcaf6…5cb2 | $48.610.026 ETH | 0.00000370 |
Additional Info Status: Fail (3,269,057 Block Confirmations) Transaction Action: Transfer 0.026 ETH ($48.61) to 0xcaf681…9e5cb2 Transaction Fee: 0.0000037081044 ETH ($0.006933) Gas Info: 75,075 gas used from 500,000 limit @ 0.000000000049392 ETH (0.04 Gwei) Nonce: 5,646 (in the position 26) See more details → | !0xdf1275…1cd2b9 | 0x04e45aaf | 6,425,433 | 3 days agoFri, 10 Jul 2026 22:05:07 UTC | 0x3d5b…73d3 | OUT | 0xcaf6…5cb2 | $48.610.026 ETH | 0.00000370 |
Additional Info Status: Fail (3,269,057 Block Confirmations) Transaction Action: Transfer 0.0271337 ETH ($50.73) to 0x44b248…7548c0 Transaction Fee: 0.00000845516952 ETH ($0.015808) Gas Info: 171,185 gas used from 850,000 limit @ 0.000000000049392 ETH (0.04 Gwei) Nonce: 277,662 (in the position 27) See more details → | !0xddd0b6…ffb24d | 0xcce7ec13 | 6,425,433 | 3 days agoFri, 10 Jul 2026 22:05:07 UTC | 0x9031…edab | OUT | 0x44b2…48c0 | $50.730.02713 ETH | 0.00000845 |
Additional Info Status: Fail (3,269,057 Block Confirmations) Transaction Action: Transfer 0.0271337 ETH ($50.73) to 0x44b248…7548c0 Transaction Fee: 0.000008455762224 ETH ($0.015809) Gas Info: 171,197 gas used from 500,000 limit @ 0.000000000049392 ETH (0.04 Gwei) Nonce: 211,414 (in the position 28) See more details → | !0x2fd19c…e83b52 | 0xcce7ec13 | 6,425,433 | 3 days agoFri, 10 Jul 2026 22:05:07 UTC | 0xac70…70bc | OUT | 0x44b2…48c0 | $50.730.02713 ETH | 0.00000845 |
Additional Info Status: Success (3,269,057 Block Confirmations) Transaction Fee: 0.00000365080968 ETH ($0.006826) Gas Info: 73,915 gas used from 800,000 limit @ 0.000000000049392 ETH (0.04 Gwei) Nonce: 335,418 (in the position 29) See more details → | 0xb28161…05425d | 0xb9481911 | 6,425,433 | 3 days agoFri, 10 Jul 2026 22:05:07 UTC | 0x546e…c3ae | OUT | 0x781f…ec79 | $0.000 ETH | 0.00000365 |
Additional Info Status: Success (3,269,057 Block Confirmations) Transaction Fee: 0.00000365080968 ETH ($0.006826) Gas Info: 73,915 gas used from 800,000 limit @ 0.000000000049392 ETH (0.04 Gwei) Nonce: 335,419 (in the position 30) See more details → | 0x57f42f…f306c0 | 0xb906cd18 | 6,425,433 | 3 days agoFri, 10 Jul 2026 22:05:07 UTC | 0x546e…c3ae | OUT | 0x781f…ec79 | $0.000 ETH | 0.00000365 |
Additional Info Status: Fail (3,269,057 Block Confirmations) Transaction Action: Transfer 0.0279 ETH ($52.16) to 0x44b248…7548c0 Transaction Fee: 0.000008455762224 ETH ($0.015809) Gas Info: 171,197 gas used from 500,000 limit @ 0.000000000049392 ETH (0.04 Gwei) Nonce: 39,782 (in the position 31) See more details → | !0x80386e…efea3e | 0xcce7ec13 | 6,425,433 | 3 days agoFri, 10 Jul 2026 22:05:07 UTC | 0x8255…3bdd | OUT | 0x44b2…48c0 | $52.160.0279 ETH | 0.00000845 |
Additional Info Status: Fail (3,269,057 Block Confirmations) Transaction Fee: 0.00000149188536 ETH ($0.002789) Gas Info: 30,205 gas used from 500,000 limit @ 0.000000000049392 ETH (0.04 Gwei) Nonce: 496,695 (in the position 32) See more details → | !0xc1684b…c6a48d | 0x19409a60 | 6,425,433 | 3 days agoFri, 10 Jul 2026 22:05:07 UTC | 0x1156…2387 | OUT | 0xf590…b09c | $0.000 ETH | 0.00000149 |
Additional Info Status: Fail (3,269,057 Block Confirmations) Transaction Action: Transfer 0.04 ETH ($74.79) to 0xcaf681…9e5cb2 Transaction Fee: 0.000003805999344 ETH ($0.007116) Gas Info: 77,057 gas used from 900,000 limit @ 0.000000000049392 ETH (0.04 Gwei) Nonce: 398,510 (in the position 33) See more details → | !0x457d76…b32e8d | 0x5ae401dc | 6,425,433 | 3 days agoFri, 10 Jul 2026 22:05:07 UTC | 0xddff…7ab2 | OUT | 0xcaf6…5cb2 | $74.790.04 ETH | 0.00000380 |
Additional Info Status: Success (3,269,057 Block Confirmations) Transaction Action: Transfer 0.001 ETH ($1.87) to 0x65050a…2c40dc Transaction Fee: 0.000011918981088 ETH ($0.022284) Gas Info: 241,314 gas used from 1,000,000 limit @ 0.000000000049392 ETH (0.04 Gwei) Nonce: 84 (in the position 34) See more details → | 0xe58d2b…cdbff0 | 0x4d819a2a | 6,425,433 | 3 days agoFri, 10 Jul 2026 22:05:07 UTC | 0x29dd…a659 | OUT | 0x6505…40dc | $1.870.001 ETH | 0.00001191 |
Additional Info Status: Success (3,269,057 Block Confirmations) Transaction Fee: 0.000003299731344 ETH ($0.006169) Gas Info: 66,807 gas used from 16,000,000 limit @ 0.000000000049392 ETH (0.04 Gwei) Nonce: 120,468 (in the position 35) See more details → | 0xb42af0…75d3ce | 0xb9ab77d9 | 6,425,433 | 3 days agoFri, 10 Jul 2026 22:05:07 UTC | 0x38ab…48da | OUT | 0x551f…0c77 | $0.000 ETH | 0.00000329 |
Additional Info Status: Fail (3,269,057 Block Confirmations) Transaction Action: Transfer 0.0279 ETH ($52.16) to 0x44b248…7548c0 Transaction Fee: 0.00000845516952 ETH ($0.015808) Gas Info: 171,185 gas used from 500,000 limit @ 0.000000000049392 ETH (0.04 Gwei) Nonce: 211,659 (in the position 36) See more details → | !0x68e68f…11659a | 0xcce7ec13 | 6,425,433 | 3 days agoFri, 10 Jul 2026 22:05:07 UTC | 0x38e5…7818 | OUT | 0x44b2…48c0 | $52.160.0279 ETH | 0.00000845 |
Additional Info Status: Fail (3,269,057 Block Confirmations) Transaction Fee: 0.000001316938896 ETH ($0.002462) Gas Info: 26,663 gas used from 900,000 limit @ 0.000000000049392 ETH (0.04 Gwei) Nonce: 96,432 (in the position 37) See more details → | !0x73a380…a1e5af | 0x6ab3d6ed | 6,425,433 | 3 days agoFri, 10 Jul 2026 22:05:07 UTC | 0x1b5d…6efb | OUT | 0x7dd9…0d00 | $0.000 ETH | 0.00000131 |
Additional Info Status: Fail (3,269,057 Block Confirmations) Transaction Action: Transfer 0.0279 ETH ($52.16) to 0x44b248…7548c0 Transaction Fee: 0.00000845516952 ETH ($0.015808) Gas Info: 171,185 gas used from 500,000 limit @ 0.000000000049392 ETH (0.04 Gwei) Nonce: 91,362 (in the position 38) See more details → | !0xfed7a2…4639d0 | 0xcce7ec13 | 6,425,433 | 3 days agoFri, 10 Jul 2026 22:05:07 UTC | 0x5854…754d | OUT | 0x44b2…48c0 | $52.160.0279 ETH | 0.00000845 |
A transaction is a cryptographically signed instruction that changes the blockchain state. Block explorers track the details of all transactions in the network.